Docker 环境下 MySQL InnoDB Cluster 本地全自动高可用部署

环境准备docker和docker-compose已安装第一步编写docker-compose.ymlversion: 3.8 # 提取公共配置保持代码优雅 x-mysql-common: mysql-common image: mysql:8.0 restart: always environment: MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: Root_Password123! MYSQL_ROOT_HOST: % services: mysql1: : *mysql-common container_name: mysql1 hostname: mysql1 command: [mysqld, --server-id1, --gtid-modeON, --enforce-gtid-consistencyON, --binlog-formatROW, --transaction-write-set-extractionXXHASH64, --binlog-transaction-dependency-trackingWRITESET] networks: - cluster_net mysql2: : *mysql-common container_name: mysql2 hostname: mysql2 command: [mysqld, --server-id2, --gtid-modeON, --enforce-gtid-consistencyON, --binlog-formatROW, --transaction-write-set-extractionXXHASH64, --binlog-transaction-dependency-trackingWRITESET] networks: - cluster_net mysql3: : *mysql-common container_name: mysql3 hostname: mysql3 command: [mysqld, --server-id3, --gtid-modeON, --enforce-gtid-consistencyON, --binlog-formatROW, --transaction-write-set-extractionXXHASH64, --binlog-transaction-dependency-trackingWRITESET] networks: - cluster_net mysql-router: image: mysql/mysql-router:8.0 container_name: mysql-router hostname: mysql-router restart: always depends_on: - mysql1 - mysql2 - mysql3 environment: MYSQL_HOST: mysql1 MYSQL_PORT: 3306 MYSQL_USER: root MYSQL_PASSWORD: Root_Password123! MYSQL_INNODB_CLUSTER_MEMBERS: 3 ports: - 6446:6446 # 读写分离写端口 (永远指向 Primary 节点) - 6447:6447 # 读写分离读端口 (轮询指向 Secondary 节点) networks: - cluster_net networks: cluster_net: driver: bridge第二步一键拉起 MySQL 基础节点在docker-compose.yml所在的目录打开终端先只启动 3 个 MySQL 节点暂时不启动 Router等集群建好再启docker-compose up -d mysql1 mysql2 mysql3第三步使用 MySQL Shell 一气呵成建集群这里我们直接拉起一个一次性的 MySQL Shell 容器来执行操作。1. 进入交互界面docker run -it --network mysql-cluster_cluster_net --rm mysql/mysql-server:8.0 mysqlsh rootmysql1:3306 -pRoot_Password123!注意请确保--network后面的网络名正确通常是当前目录名_cluster_net2. 在 JS 终端中依次执行以下命令// 1. 创建集群 var cluster dba.createCluster(myCluster); // 2. 加入 mysql2强制指定 clone 模式 cluster.addInstance(rootmysql2:3306, {password: Root_Password123!, recoveryMethod: clone}); // 3. 加入 mysql3 cluster.addInstance(rootmysql3:3306, {password: Root_Password123!, recoveryMethod: clone}); // 4. 查看集群完美状态 cluster.status();看到三个节点全绿ONLINE输入\q退出第四步启动流量大管家 MySQL Router集群建立完毕启动 Router 代理层docker-compose up -d mysql-router第五步客户端连接与“拔网线”测试打开 Windows 上的 Navicat。新建 MySQL 连接主机:localhost(如果在虚拟机跑 Docker填虚拟机 IP)端口:6446(千万别填 3306)用户名/密码:root/Root_Password123!点击确定双击连接成功连入如果报错了修改 MySQL 服务器的密码加密策略进入主库容器docker exec -it mysql1 mysql -uroot -pRoot_Password123!在 MySQL 命令行中执行以下两条 SQL 把密码加密方式改回老版本ALTER USER root% IDENTIFIED WITH mysql_native_password BY Root_Password123!; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;在 Navicat 里建个库插条数据。然后去终端把主库干掉关闭主库docker stop mysql1创建表没有问题回到 Navicat刷新一下或者继续写数据你会发现业务毫无波澜Router 已经把你的 SQL 悄悄送到了mysql2或mysql3的手中。去连接还在运行的节点# 连接到存活的 mysql2 docker run -it --network mysql-cluster_cluster_net --rm mysql/mysql-server:8.0 mysqlsh rootmysql2:3306 -pRoot_Password123!进入后再次执行var cluster dba.getCluster(); cluster.status();可以看到mysql3memberRole: PRIMARY,说明mysql3成为了新的主库